In May, Pope Leo released the first encyclical letter, a teaching document, which focused entirely on artificial intelligence. The first-ever American head of the Catholic Church argued that as a new industrial revolution powered by ever-growing AI loomed into view, it was vital to apply centuries-old Catholic Social Teaching to our current age. University of Oxford theologian Sam Tranter, who researches AI and Christian ethics himself, was at the Vatican launch of the encyclical ‘Magnifica humanitas’ and joins us today to talk through what Leo writes about AI. Is he a doomer or a booster? Does the Catholic Church now see AI as simply a neutral tool to be used for good or ill depending on the humans behind it, or a more malevolent and systemically suspect technology we should be wary of? And is anyone listening to what a celibate Christian cleric in his 70s is saying about ChatGPT and Claude – will the encyclical actually affect the development of AI and how it is embedded in our societies and economies?